Technical information
Rice Straw Rice
straw consists of the dry stalks of rice plants. The main components of rice straw include cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and silica. The chemical composition of rice straw can vary depending on geographical location, the quality of rice produced, and the rice species. Hemicellulose is the main chemical component that can be converted into useful chemicals. The content of hemicellulose can be about 40%.Chemicals
- Cellulose: A polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plant materials.
- Lignin: An organic polymer that acts as a structural material in plant materials, in the form of supportive tissue.
- Hemicellulose: A type of polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plant materials. Hemicellulose is branched, shorter in length, and more easily metabolized than cellulose.
- Silica, with the chemical formula SiO2, is a major component of sand.
- Furfural: an organic compound with the formula C₄H₃OCHO. Furfural is an intermediate product produced from hemicellulose and is used in the manufacture of plastics, alcohol, medicines, perfumes, solvents, polymers, adhesives, and pesticides.
- Hydrolysis: A chemical reaction between a chemical compound and water.
Process
Process There are several processes to convert rice straw into useful chemicals. Among these, the conversion of hemicellulose into furfural is the most efficient pathway. The current process includes several steps:
1- Biomass is separated to extract hemicellulose.
2- Hemicellulose is hydrolyzed to produce monosaccharides such as D-xylose.
3- Water is removed from the monosaccharides to produce furfural.
It is estimated that the conversion can reduce CO2 emissions by up to 9%. By combining with renewable energy, the CO2 reduction process can be further enhanced.
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